Kartika Palar, PhD, MA

Faculty Director, Academic Senate
Medicine

My research focuses on addressing the drivers and consequences of health inequity in HIV and chronic disease. One stream of research investigates the impact of food insecurity and other unmet subsistence needs on health. A new stream of research examines the intersection of HIV, non-communicable diseases (NCDs), and social determinants of health. Within these areas, I have a special interest in developing equitable community partnerships to design and evaluate program and policy solutions. I am interested in both safety-net interventions that address immediate needs, as well as policies that address upstream root causes of health inequity.

Current studies fall within one or more of the above research streams. I am PI of the 5-year NIH-funded Women, HIV/AIDS and Diabetes Study, or WAND Study, based within the US national Women’s Interagency HIV Study. WAND is using both qualitative and quantitative methods to understand the impact of social and economic barriers on HIV and diabetes health among women living with both conditions, with the goal of developing an intervention to improve HIV/diabetes co-management among women experiencing multiple vulnerabilities. I am also co-PI of the Changing Health through Food Support (CHEFS) Study, an RCT of comprehensive, medically appropriate food support to low-income, people with HIV in the San Francisco Bay Area in collaboration with Project Open Hand. I am co-leading the development of a community-based collaboration to evaluate urban gardens as a strategy to improve health among low-income people with diabetes in the Bay Area, and am involved with an urban garden intervention for people with HIV in the Dominican Republic. I am a co-investigator or collaborator on several other projects addressing food insecurity and health, and/or HIV/NCD co-morbidity, domestically and abroad.

My international work is largely based in Latin America, in collaboration with the World Food Programme and others. Finally, I have a strong commitment and passion for mentoring students and others with interest in issues of health equity, particularly those with backgrounds underrepresented in scientific research.

Publications: 

Longitudinal Relationship Between Food Insecurity, Engagement in Care, and ART Adherence Among US Women Living with HIV.

AIDS and behavior

Palar K, Sheira LA, Frongillo EA, Kushel M, Wilson TE, Conroy AA, Adedimeji A, Merenstein D, Cohen MH, Wentz EL, Adimora AA, Ofotokun I, Metsch LR, Turan JM, Tien PC, Weiser SD

Exploring antiretroviral therapy adherence, competing needs, and viral suppression among people living with HIV and food insecurity in the Dominican Republic.

AIDS care

Derose KP, Han B, Armenta G, Palar K, Then-Paulino A, Jimenez-Paulino G, Sheira LA, Acevedo R, Lugo C, Veloz I, Donastorg Y, Wagner G

Relationship between food insecurity and smoking status among women living with and at risk for HIV in the USA: a cohort study.

BMJ open

Sheira LA, Frongillo EA, Hahn J, Palar K, Riley ED, Wilson TE, Adedimeji A, Merenstein D, Cohen M, Wentz EL, Adimora AA, Ofotokun I, Metsch L, Turan JM, Tien PC, Weiser SD

Longitudinal Associations Between Neighborhood Factors and HIV Care Outcomes in the WIHS.

AIDS and behavior

Chandran A, Edmonds A, Benning L, Wentz E, Adedimeji A, Wilson TE, Blair-Spence A, Palar K, Cohen M, Adimora A

Mechanisms from Food Insecurity to Worse HIV Treatment Outcomes in US Women Living with HIV.

AIDS patient care and STDs

Weiser SD, Sheira LA, Palar K, Kushel M, Wilson TE, Adedimeji A, Merenstein D, Cohen M, Turan JM, Metsch L, Adimora AA, Ofotokun I, Wentz E, Tien PC, Frongillo EA

Food Insecurity, Sexual Risk, and Substance Use in Young Adults.

The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

Nagata JM, Palar K, Gooding HC, Garber AK, Tabler JL, Whittle HJ, Bibbins-Domingo K, Weiser SD

Associations between food insecurity and psychotropic medication use among women living with HIV in the United States.

Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences

Whittle HJ, Wolfe WR, Sheira LA, Frongillo EA, Palar K, Merenstein D, Wilson TE, Adedimeji A, Cohen MH, Wentz EL, Tien PC, Weiser SD

Church-based interventions to address obesity among African Americans and Latinos in the United States: a systematic review.

Nutrition reviews

Flórez KR, Payán DD, Palar K, Williams MV, Katic B, Derose KP

Congregational involvement in HIV: A qualitative comparative analysis of factors influencing HIV activity among diverse urban congregations.

Social science & medicine (1982)

Mendel P, Green HD, Palar K, Kanouse DE, Bluthenthal RN, Mata MA, Oden CW, Derose KP

Food Insecurity Is Associated With Poorer Mental Health and Sleep Outcomes in Young Adults.

The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

Nagata JM, Palar K, Gooding HC, Garber AK, Whittle HJ, Bibbins-Domingo K, Weiser SD

Food Insecurity and Chronic Disease in US Young Adults: Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health.

Journal of general internal medicine

Nagata JM, Palar K, Gooding HC, Garber AK, Bibbins-Domingo K, Weiser SD

Nutrition and Health Improvements After Participation in an Urban Home Garden Program.

Journal of nutrition education and behavior

Palar K, Lemus Hufstedler E, Hernandez K, Chang A, Ferguson L, Lozano R, Weiser SD

Association Between Food Insecurity and Migraine Among US Young Adults.

JAMA neurology

Nagata JM, Weiser SD, Gooding HC, Garber AK, Bibbins-Domingo K, Palar K

Food insecurity is associated with anxiety, stress, and symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in a cohort of women with or at risk of HIV in the United States.

The Journal of nutrition

Whittle HJ, Sheira LA, Wolfe WR, Frongillo EA, Palar K, Merenstein D, Wilson TE, Adedimeji A, Weber KM, Adimora AA, Ofotokun I, Metsch L, Turan JM, Wentz EL, Tien PC, Weiser SD

Food Insecurity and Unmet Needs Among Youth and Young Adults Living With HIV in the San Francisco Bay Area.

The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine

Reeder C, Neilands TB, Palar K, Saberi P

Persistent Food Insecurity Is Associated with Adverse Mental Health among Women Living with or at Risk of HIV in the United States.

The Journal of nutrition

Tuthill EL, Sheira LA, Palar K, Frongillo EA, Wilson TE, Adedimeji A, Merenstein D, Cohen MH, Wentz EL, Adimora AA, Ofotokun I, Metsch L, Kushel M, Turan JM, Konkle-Parker D, Tien PC, Weiser SD

"It Was as Though My Spirit Left, Like They Killed Me": The Disruptive Impact of an HIV-Positive Diagnosis among Women in the Dominican Republic.

Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care

Payán DD, Derose KP, Fulcar MA, Farías H, Palar K

Food Insecurity, Internalized Stigma, and Depressive Symptoms Among Women Living with HIV in the United States.

AIDS and behavior

Palar K, Frongillo EA, Escobar J, Sheira LA, Wilson TE, Adedimeji A, Merenstein D, Cohen MH, Wentz EL, Adimora AA, Ofotokun I, Metsch L, Tien PC, Turan JM, Weiser SD

Predicting diabetes risk among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women.

AIDS (London, England)

Galaviz KI, Schneider MF, Tien PC, Mehta CC, Ofotokun I, Colasanti J, Marconi VC, Palar K, Wingood G, Adimora AA, Alcaide M, Cohen MH, Gustafson D, Karim R, Konkle-Parker D, Merenstein D, Sharma A, Ali MK

Longitudinal associations between food insecurity and substance use in a cohort of women with or at risk for HIV in the United States.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)

Whittle HJ, Sheira LA, Frongillo EA, Palar K, Cohen J, Merenstein D, Wilson TE, Adedimeji A, Cohen MH, Adimora AA, Ofotokun I, Metsch L, Turan JM, Wentz EL, Tien PC, Weiser SD

Room for Improvement: The HIV-Diabetes Care Continuum Over 15 Years in the Women's Interagency HIV Study.

Open forum infectious diseases

Colasanti J, Galaviz KI, Christina Mehta C, Palar K, Schneider MF, Tien P, Adimora AA, Alcaide M, Cohen MH, Gustafson D, Karim R, Merenstein D, Sharma A, Wingood G, Marconi VC, Ofotokun I, Ali MK

Food Insecurity is Associated with Poor HIV Outcomes Among Women in the United States.

AIDS and behavior

Spinelli MA, Frongillo EA, Sheira LA, Palar K, Tien PC, Wilson T, Merenstein D, Cohen M, Adedimeji A, Wentz E, Adimora AA, Metsch LR, Turan JM, Kushel MB, Weiser SD

Factors contributing to food insecurity among women living with HIV in the Dominican Republic: A qualitative study.

PloS one

Derose KP, Payán DD, Fulcar MA, Terrero S, Acevedo R, Farías H, Palar K

Severe food insecurity is associated with overweight and increased body fat among people living with HIV in the Dominican Republic.

AIDS care

Derose KP, Ríos-Castillo I, Fulcar MA, Payán DD, Palar K, Escala L, Farías H, Martínez H

Comprehensive and Medically Appropriate Food Support Is Associated with Improved HIV and Diabetes Health.

Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

Palar K, Napoles T, Hufstedler LL, Seligman H, Hecht FM, Madsen K, Ryle M, Pitchford S, Frongillo EA, Weiser SD

How food insecurity contributes to poor HIV health outcomes: Qualitative evidence from the San Francisco Bay Area.

Social science & medicine (1982)

Whittle HJ, Palar K, Seligman HK, Napoles T, Frongillo EA, Weiser SD

Experiences with food insecurity and risky sex among low-income people living with HIV/AIDS in a resource-rich setting.

Journal of the International AIDS Society

Whittle HJ, Palar K, Napoles T, Hufstedler LL, Ching I, Hecht FM, Frongillo EA, Weiser SD

Food insecurity, chronic illness, and gentrification in the San Francisco Bay Area: An example of structural violence in United States public policy.

Social science & medicine (1982)

Whittle HJ, Palar K, Hufstedler LL, Seligman HK, Frongillo EA, Weiser SD

Food Insecurity is Longitudinally Associated with Depressive Symptoms Among Homeless and Marginally-Housed Individuals Living with HIV.

AIDS and behavior

Palar K, Kushel M, Frongillo EA, Riley ED, Grede N, Bangsberg D, Weiser SD

Tailored nutrition education and food assistance improve adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy: evidence from Honduras.

AIDS and behavior

Martinez H, Palar K, Linnemayr S, Smith A, Derose KP, Ramírez B, Farías H, Wagner G

Longitudinal assessment of associations between food insecurity, antiretroviral adherence and HIV treatment outcomes in rural Uganda.

AIDS (London, England)

Weiser SD, Palar K, Frongillo EA, Tsai AC, Kumbakumba E, Depee S, Hunt PW, Ragland K, Martin J, Bangsberg DR

The organization of HIV and other health activities within urban religious congregations.

Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

Palar K, Mendel P, Derose KP

Value for Money in Donor HIV Funding.

Rand health quarterly

Linnemayr S, Ryan GW, Liu J, Palar K

Role of antiretroviral therapy in improving food security among patients initiating HIV treatment and care.

AIDS (London, England)

Palar K, Wagner G, Ghosh-Dastidar B, Mugyenyi P

Negotiation Strategies for Antiretroviral Drug Purchasers in the United States.

Rand health quarterly

Linnemayr S, Ryan GW, Karir V, Liu J, Palar K

Attitudes and beliefs related to HIV/AIDS in urban religious congregations: barriers and opportunities for HIV-related interventions.

Social science & medicine (1982)

Bluthenthal RN, Palar K, Mendel P, Kanouse DE, Corbin DE, Derose KP

Religious congregations' involvement in HIV: a case study approach.

AIDS and behavior

Derose KP, Mendel PJ, Palar K, Kanouse DE, Bluthenthal RN, Castaneda LW, Corbin DE, Domínguez BX, Hawes-Dawson J, Mata MA, Oden CW

Congregation-based programs to address HIV/AIDS: elements of successful implementation.

Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine

Williams MV, Palar K, Derose KP

Food insecurity and nutritional barriers to antiretroviral therapy: Lessons from Latin America and the Caribbean

Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services

Martin A, Palar K, Derose KP, Adams J.

Potential societal savings from reduced sodium consumption in the U.S. adult population.

American journal of health promotion : AJHP

Palar K, Sturm R

Waste in the U.S. Health care system: a conceptual framework.

The Milbank quarterly

Bentley TG, Effros RM, Palar K, Keeler EB